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Materials and methods Cell culture
2021-03-24
Materials and methods Cell culture and receptor gene transfection. PC12 Nicotinamide were purchased from the Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. The cDNA for mouse CysLT1 or CysLT2 receptor (mCysLT1 and mCysLT2, subcloned into pcDNA3.0) was kindly gifted by Pro
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Mechanistically GW treatment modulated cytokine expression
2021-03-24
Mechanistically, GW2580 treatment modulated cytokine expression within the kidney. We noted a decrease in the levels of TNF, MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-27, and GM-CSF in GW2580 treated mice. Decreased levels of these proinflammatory cytokines likely contributed to the attenuated proteinuria and improved renal
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Recent studies have shown that some CLC genes participate in
2021-03-23
Recent studies have shown that some CLC genes participate in plant salt tolerance and have speculated that they function by mediating Cl− transport across the tonoplast. For instance, AtCLCc, a vacuolar anion transporter, is shown to be involved in the regulation of stomatal movement and to contribu
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During the past decade it became increasingly
2021-03-23
During the past decade, it became increasingly clear that the affinity and efficacy of small agonists acting on the orthosteric binding site of a GPCR can be modulated by ligands that bind to a topographically distinct (allosteric) binding site on the same GPCR molecule 33, 39, 40, 41, 42. This allo
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The mechanism by which OC use leads to
2021-03-23
The mechanism by which OC use leads to impaired glucose tolerance is yet to be fully clarified. Decreased insulin sensitivity appears to be mainly accounted for by estrogenic component and this effect may be modified by progestogenic component [14], [15]. Estrogenic effect on glucose tolerance has b
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br Experimental Procedures br Acknowledgments br Bisphenol A
2021-03-23
Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments Bisphenol A (BPA) has been recognized as one of the most potent endocrine disruptors, functioning even at very low doses. Although it is anticipated that chenodeoxycholic acid receptor (ER) would mediate these effects of low-dose BPA, studies revealed
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Herbal products may alter the metabolism of certain drugs an
2021-03-23
Herbal products may alter the metabolism of certain drugs and, likewise, the metabolism of components of herbal products may be altered by some drugs, specifically those that affect cytochrome P450 hedgehog inhibitor (CYP). These can bring about an alteration of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacolog
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In another study Nutlin a mediated p
2021-03-23
In another study, Nutlin-3a-mediated p53 activation induced strong negative impact on NF-κB signaling in LPS-stimulated neutrophils and macrophages [34]. Nutlin-3a limited cellular immune response to LPS, partly by attenuating DNA binding activity of NF-κB and impairing transcription of its target c
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Mother rats acutely treated with
2021-03-23
Mother rats acutely treated with quinpirole (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg) decreased the pup exploration time but increased the object exploration, so they showed a significantly lower pup preference ratio. They also showed impaired maternal performance in the home cage, consistent with our previous study (Zha
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Tuberculos
2021-03-23
Materials and methods Results Discussion Tuberculosis is caused by the mycobacterium M. tuberculosis, a pathogen able to survive in the hostile conditions through sophisticated defence mechanisms. In an attempt to clarify some aspects of the M. tuberculosis defence mechanisms, we have inves
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In contrast DAG phosphorylation to PA
2021-03-23
In contrast, DAG phosphorylation to PA by diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) represents a quantitatively minor metabolic pathway, but is generally regarded as a main disposal pathway for “signaling” DAG. PA produced by DGKs is an intermediate of the synthesis of CDP-DAG, cardiolipin and PI. However, PA i
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br Inhibition of DHODH The final products
2021-03-23
Inhibition of DHODH The final products 7a–n were assessed for their DHODH inhibitory activity on rat liver mitochondrial/microsomal membranes. A procedure adapted from the literature was employed (see Experimental), in which oxidation of DHO to ORO is monitored by following the concomitant reduct
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br Materials and methods br Results br
2021-03-23
Materials and methods Results Discussion Recently, circRNAs have been found to play important diagnostic or prognostic roles in different tumors. For example, aberrant expression levels of different circRNAs are found in ovarian cancer, lung cancer, renal cancer, gastric cancer and particip
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The mammalian two hybrid results described above were all ob
2021-03-22
The mammalian two-hybrid results described above were all obtained in 293T cells, and thus the higher RLU observed specific to the hCrm1 fusion could be consistent with human Baicalin having an unknown activator that interacts with hCrm1 HEAT repeat 9A and somehow facilitates Crm1-Rev/RRE function.
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br Introduction The dorsal periaqueductal
2021-03-22
Introduction The dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (dPAG) is a midbrain site markedly involved in fear/anxiety-evoked responses as well as in nociception (see, for example, Bandler and Carrive, 1988, Deakin and Graeff, 1991, Fardin et al., 1984a, Fardin et al., 1984b, Litvin et al., 2007). Chemic
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